The 8+ Benefits Of Sophoraflavanone G (with Mechanisms and Natural Sources)

Sophoraflavanone G (SG) is a flavonoid and phytoncide with powerful effects on quenching inflammation and fighting microbes.

Sophoraflavanone G (SG) is a prenylated flavonoid and volatile phytoncide isolated from the Sophora genus.

It is also known as: R

• 8-lavandulyl-20-hydroxynaringenin

• Norkurarinone

• Kushenin

• Vexibinol

As a phytoncide, many scientific efforts have been made to use SG in conjunctions with antibiotics to combat antibiotic resistance. 

1. Inhibits Inflammation

Sophoraflavanone G (SG) can stop Lipolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation by inhibiting Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2, as well as 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX). R 

SG can also reduce inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1b, IL-6, and TNF-a. R

2. Has Antioxidant Properties

Sophoraflavanone G can induce NRF2 and increase Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. R

This may be beneficial for reducing neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative conditions. R

3. Enhances The Skin

Eczema - By reducing inflammation, Sophoraflavanone G may be beneficial for treating atopic dermatitis. R

Skin Whitening - By reducing tyrosinase activity, Sophoraflavanone G may help may help with lightening skin. R

4. Combats Cancer

Sophoraflavanone G works on many cancer-fighting mechanisms (e.g. JAK/STAT; ERK/MAPK) and may be beneficial against:

• Breast Cancer R

• Hodgkin's Lymphoma R

• Leukemia R R

• Liver Cancer (may potential insulin release) R

• Multiple Myeloma R

5. Has Antimicrobial Properties

Sophoraflavanone G (SG) has antimicrobial properties.

SG has antibiotic effects on:

• Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans R

• Bacillus subtilis R

• Escherichia coli (KCTC 1924) R

• Fusobacterium nucleatum R

• MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) R R

• Porphyromonas gingivalis R

• Porphyromonas intermedia R

• Propionibacterium acnes R

• Salmonella typhimurium (KCTC 1926) R

• Staphylococcus aureus (KCTC 1621) R

• Staphylococcus epidermis (ATCC 12228) R

• Streptococcus anginosus R

• Streptococcus criceti R
  Streptococcus gordonii R

• Streptococcus mutans R R

• Streptococcus sanguinis R

• Streptococcus sobrinus R

• VRE (vancomycin-resistant enterococci) R

SG also has biofilm inhibiting properties and can enhance the antibiotic effects of some antibiotics (e.g. gentamicin). R R R R

SG has anti-fungal effects on:

• Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) R

• Cunninghamella blakesleana R

• Saccharomyces cerevisiae R

SG has anti-parasitic  effects on:

• Plasmodium falciparum (anti-malarial) R

SG also has properties to combat Flavi viruses (including Zika, Dengue and Hepatitis C virus). R

6. Enhances Vasodilation

SG also has some vasodilatory properties and can (weakly) inhibit histamine- and serotonin-induced contractions. R

7. Improves Blood Sugar And Fights Diabetes

SG may be beneficial for controlling blood sugar it can as both a-glucosidase and b amylase inhibitors. R

Compared to the diabetes drug Metformin, SG could significantly improve antioxidant levels and reduce blood glucose in diabetic rats. R

8. Protects The Gut

SG can protect against ulcer formation and gastric acid secretion. R R

...currently sophora extracts...

• Pseudosophora alopecuroides R

• Sophora alopecuroides R

• Sophora davidii R

• Sophora exigua R

• Sophora flavescens R

• Sophora leachiana R

• Sophora moorcroftiana R

• Sophora pachycarpa R

• Vexibia alopecuroides R R

SG may interact with drugs that inhibit CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 enzymes. R

Simple:

• Increases Caspase-3 R R

• Increases Caspase-9 R

• Increases HO-1 R R

• Increases MAPK (inhibits it in macrophages) R R

• Increases NRF2 R

• Increases PARP-1 R R

• Increases SOD R

• Reduces Akt R R

• Reduces ALT R

• Reduces AST R

• Reduces a-glucosidase R

• Reduces b-amylase R

• Reduces Bcl-2 R R

• Reduces Bcl-xL R R

• Reduces COX1 R

• Reduces COX2 R R

• Reduces ERK1/2 R

• Reduces Glucose R

• Reduces JAK1 R

• Reduces JAK2 R

• Reduces JAK3 R

• Reduces JNK R

• Reduces IKKα R

• Reduces IKKβ R

• Reduces IL-1b R

• Reduces IL-6 R

• Reduces iNOS R

• Reduces Insulin R

• Reduces Lyn R

• Reduces Mcl-1 R

• Reduces MDA R

• Reduces NF-kB R R

• Reduces PGE2 R R

• Reduces PI3K R R

• Reduces P38 R

• Reduces SGLT R

• Reduces Src R

• Reduces STAT1 R

• Reduces STAT3 R R

• Reduces STAT5b R

• Reduces Survivin R

• Reduces TNF-a R

• Reduces Trx R

• Reduces Txnip R

• Reduces TYK2 R

• Reduces 5-LOX R

Advanced:

• In cancer cells, sophoraflavanone G inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT proteins in Hodgkin's lymphoma and tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3 in solid cancer cells by inhibiting phosphorylation of the Janus kinase (JAK) proteins, Src family tyrosine kinases, such as Lyn and Src, Akt, and ERK1/2...Sophoraflavanone G also inhibited nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling in multiple myeloma cells...sophoraflavanone G inhibited cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis by regulating the expression of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins. R

• In leukemia, SG activated caspase-3 and caspase-9, and downregulated Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL...SG also upregulated Bax and released cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytoplasm, enabling apoptosis via the mitochondrially-mediated "intrinsic" pathway. R

• SG can bind to Estrogen Receptors (ERs) in rat uterus. R

• SG was able to inhibit the neuroinflammation by MAPKs, PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. R

• SG can also bind to GABA receptors. R

• Sophoraflavanone G is considered to exert an antibacterial effect by reducing the fluidity of cellular membranes. R

• Activated carbon fiber (ACF) filters with extract from S. flavescens has natural antibacterial activity against various pathogens. R